India, ranked at 131 in the latest UNDP HDI rankings, has a long way to go to make its superpower dreams come to fruition
Human Development Report, HDI rankings and India
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India has done reasonably well on the fronts of economic growth and development in the past 25 years, post the LPG reforms by Narasimha Rao government. But it is apparent that the resultant high income has not translated into a better quality of life for a majority of the population, showing huge economic disparity. Read a full Bodhi on ‘State of Indian economy and politics’. Economic development requires high investment. There has been a lot of investment in various areas of development, including the one catalysed by foreign investments. Sadly the human development sector has remained untouched. India’s persistent low ranking in UNDP’s Human Development Index (HDI) over all these years proves this - we stood at 131 out of 188 countries in UNDP’s HDI 2015 (as per the UNDP HD Report 2016). Download the UNDP HDI Reports 2016 from Bodhi Resources page.
Lot of work has been done towards raising life expectancy at birth from 58.29 years in 1990 to 68.3 years in 2015. Refer the dedicated page for all India specific facts and figures. There has been progress in increasing awareness on issues affecting women’s empowerment. Improvement has also been made in the field of public safety, discrimination in inheritance rights and equal employment opportunities. However, as the HDI 2015 data shows, this improvement has not been uniform. There have been regional disparities as well as disparities between states, along with gender inequalities. Women’s participation in workforce : India ranks lowest among BRICS nations. Population living in severe poverty : India is placed at the bottom of the group. This clearly indicates that we have lost a lot of time in focusing on universal education and health care, which could have pulled the deprived sections of the population out of the poverty trap. The fiscal space now available, accompanied by economic growth, should be invested in improving higher education and health care and making them accessible to all. The state of democracy, and access to justice, must be improved urgently. India has still not ratified the UN conventions on torture, rights of migrant workers and their families, and protection against enforced disappearance. This is a serious gap for India, committed to democracy and rule of law. View our Bodhi Shiksha video analyses on Gender Inequality here Quality of life would depend on meeting the emerging challenges of urbanization, housing for all, and access to power, water, education and health care. There is indeed a long way to go for India, before we can start dreaming realistically of a superpower status. Read many Bodhi Saars on Demography and prosperity, here.
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