As agriculture becomes less rewarding, landed communities get jittery. Traditionally powerful Jats and Patels are now demanding reservations. Systemic solution required
A Pandora’s Box called Reservations
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The issue of reservations in government jobs and higher education has been a boiling one since 1950 in India. Political parties have often used this as a tool for creating their own vote-banks. Similarly, strong community leaders have used the issue to strengthen themselves. The Jat reservation agitation was postponed by two weeks after the assurance by the Haryana Chief Minister to take up the process of extending reservation to the community soon. Similar to the Jats in Haryana, the Patel community in Gujarat has also been agitating for reservations. Both are dominant, landed communities in their regions. Reservation agitations are a result of both developmental failure as well as political failure. As the share of services and industry increases in the economy and the share of agriculture declines, the communities whose prosperity and social dominance derived from landholdings declines.
Failure to generate enough jobs to accommodate aspirations of the rural youth to move to urban jobs creates frustration. This happens especially as the policy of affirmative action secures jobs for smaller sections of the lower classes of the society. Jobs can be created by investing in (a) infrastructure, (b) promoting entrepreneurship and (c) efficient financial mediation, while at the same time maintaining macroeconomic stability in a globalizing world Our political system has failed by presenting reservations as a panacea and by patronizing corruption, absenteeism and rampant inefficiency and fraud in the educational system. It is essential to address these two failures which could be the long-term solution to communities seeking reservations in jobs and higher education. Otherwise there is no other solution visible. This is a time consuming effort and for the present, agitations need to be dealt with firmness, fairness and flexibility. View many video analyses on Education and Jobs, here.
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